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HealthGrades study: 52% less risk of dying at top-rated hospitals vs. the average; 71.64% less vs. poorest

HealthGrades.com offers a free searchable database where you can find the quality rating of your area hospitals (best, average, or poor), plus supporting data, for any of 28 procedures/diagnoses.

The largest annual study of patient outcomes at each of the nation's 5,000 nonfederal hospitals found a wide gap in quality between the nation's best hospitals and all others. [See pdf The Twelfth Annual HealthGrades Hospital Quality in America Study, Oct 2009] HealthGrades is an independent healthcare ratings organization.

According to the study, patients at highly rated hospitals have a 52% lower chance of dying compared with the U.S. hospital average - a quality chasm that has persisted for the last decade even as mortality rates, in general, have declined. [See details of other key findings regarding mortality, diagnoses representing the greatest numbers of preventable deaths, stroke outcomes, and complication rates, below.]

The study examined nearly 40 million Medicare hospitalization records from the years 2006, 2007 and 2008. The study looks at trends in mortality and complication rates and also provides the foundation for HealthGrades' quality ratings of procedures and diagnoses at each individual hospital.

The new 2010 ratings for individual hospitals are available at www.HealthGrades.com, a public Web site designed to help patients compare the quality of care at their local hospitals for 28 different procedures and treatments, from hip replacement to bypass surgery.

"The fact is, patients are twice as likely to die at low-rated hospitals than at highly rated hospitals for the same diagnoses and procedures," said Rick May, MD, an author of the HealthGrades study.

"With Washington focused on rewarding high-quality hospitals and empowering patients to make more informed healthcare choices, this information comes at a turning point in the healthcare debate,” he adds. “For patients, sites like HealthGrades.com already provide the objective information needed to choose a high-quality hospital. And for hospitals themselves, HealthGrades' hospital ratings provide the benchmarking data that can help them reach the benchmarks set by top performers."

Other Eye-Opening Study Findings Regarding Mortality

• Overall, inhospital, risk-adjusted mortality at the nation's hospitals improved, on average, 10.99% from 2006 through 2008.

• Across all 17 procedures and diagnoses in which mortality was studied, there was an approximate 71.64% lower chance of dying in a five-star rated hospital compared to a one-star rated hospital.

• Across all 17 procedures and diagnoses studied, there was an approximate 51.53% lower chance of dying in a five-star rated hospital compared to the national average.

• If all hospitals performed at the level of a five-star rated hospital across the 17 procedures and diagnoses studied, 224,537 Medicare lives could potentially have been saved from 2006 through 2008.

• Approximately 57% (127,488) of the potentially preventable deaths were associated with just four diagnoses:
- Sepsis - blood infection (44,622);
- Pneumonia (29,251);
- Heart failure (26,374)
- Respiratory failure (27,241).

• Over the last three studies, Ohio and Florida consistently have had the greatest percentage of hospitals in the top 15% for risk-adjusted mortality.

Study Findings Regarding Complications

• Across all procedures in which complications were studied, there was a 79.69% lower chance of experiencing one or more inhospital complications in a five-star rated hospital compared to a one-star rated hospital.

• Across all procedures studied, there was a 61.22% lower chance of experiencing one or more inhospital complications in a five-star rated hospital compared to the U.S. hospital average.

• If all hospitals performed at the level of a five-star rated hospital, 110,687 orthopedic inhospital complications may have been avoided among Medicare patients over the three years studied.

Study Findings Regarding Stroke Outcomes

• Joint Commission stroke-certified hospitals were almost twice as likely to attain five-star status in stroke (30.1% of certified hospitals were five-star versus 15.7% of non-certified), and fewer of the stroke-certified hospitals fell into the one-star category (12.3% versus 19.6%).

• Joint Commission stroke-certified hospitals have an 8.06% lower risk-adjusted mortality rate compared to hospitals that were not stroke-certified.

About HealthGrades' Hospital Ratings

HealthGrades rates each of the nation's 5,000 nonfederal hospitals in nearly 30 procedures and diagnoses, allowing individuals to compare their local hospitals online.

• The ratings are objective, created from data provided by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and 17 states that publish outcomes data.

• HealthGrades' hospital ratings are independently created; no hospital can opt-in or opt-out of being rated. No hospital pays to be rated.

• Each hospital receives a one-, three- or five-star rating for each procedure or diagnosis, reflecting the mortality or complication rates at that hospital.

• Mortality and complication rates are risk-adjusted, which takes into account differing levels of severity of patient illness at different hospitals and allows for hospitals to be compared on equal footing.

Procedures and Diagnoses Rated

On www.healthgrades.com, patients can compare the ratings of their local hospitals for the following procedures and diagnoses:
- Appendectomy
- Back and Neck Surgery (except Spinal Fusion)
- Back and Neck Surgery (Spinal Fusion)
- Bowel Obstruction
- Carotid Endarterectomy
- Cholecystectomy
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- Pneumonia
- Coronary Bypass Surgery
- Coronary Interventional Procedures (Angioplasty/ Stent)
- Diabetic Acidosis & Coma
- Gastrointestinal Bleed
- Gastrointestinal Procedures & Surgeries
- Heart Attack
- Heart Failure
- Hip Fracture Repair
- Obstetrics
- Pancreatitis
- Peripheral Vascular Bypass
- Prostatectomy
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Resection/Replacement of Abdominal Aorta
- Respiratory Failure
- Sepsis
- Stroke
- Total Hip Replacement
- Total Knee Replacement
- Valve Replacement Surgery

Source: HealthGrades news release, Oct 13, 2009, with modifications