[Ed Note: Carnitine (L-carnitine) and its acyl esters (acylcarnitines) are essential compounds for the metabolism of fatty acids. Carnitine’s main function is to assist the transport and metabolism of fatty acids in the cells’ energy-generating mitochondria.]
Article:
Long-chain acylcarnitine deficiency in chronic fatigue syndrome patients. Potential involvement of altered carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I activity
– Source: Journal of Internal Medicine, Dec. 22, 2010
Authors: Stephanie E Reuter, Allan M Evans
Objective: The underlying etiology of chronic fatigue syndrome is currently unknown; however, in light of carnitine’s critical role in mitochondrial energy production, it has been suggested that chronic fatigue syndrome may be associated with altered carnitine homeostasis. This study was conducted to comparatively examine full endogenous carnitine profiles in chronic fatigue syndrome patients and healthy controls.
Design: A cross-sectional, observational study.
Setting and subjects: Forty-four patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and 49 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited from the community and studied at the School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, University of South Australia.
Main outcome measures: All participants completed a fatigue severity scale questionnaire and had a single fasting blood sample collected which was analyzed for L-carnitine and 35 individual acylcarnitine concentrations in plasma by LC-MS/MS.
Results:
• Chronic fatigue syndrome patients exhibited significantly altered concentrations of C8:1, C12DC, C14, C16:1, C18, C18:1, C18:2 and C18:1-OH acylcarnitines;
• Of particular note, oleyl-L-carnitine (C18:1) and linoleyl-L-carnitine (C18:2) were, on average, 30% to 40% lower in patients than controls (p<0.0001).
• Significant correlations between acylcarnitine concentrations and clinical symptomology were also demonstrated.
Conclusions:
It is proposed that this disturbance in carnitine homeostasis is a result of a reduction in carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I) activity, possibly due to the accumulation of omega-6 fatty acids previously observed in this patient population.
It is hypothesized that the administration of omega-3 fatty acids [rich in oily fish and fish and krill oils], and in combination with L-carnitine would increase CPT-I activity and improve chronic fatigue syndrome symptomology.
Source: Journal of Internal Medicine, Dec. 22, 2010. PMID: 21205027, by Reuter SE, Evans AM. School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Email: stephanie.reuter@unisa.edu.au]
