Measuring how quickly a person's pupil dilates during cognitive tests is a low-cost way to screen people for Alzheimer's disease. Studies have shown that people with mild cognitive impairment had greater pupil dilation.

Lung cancer tends to be resistant to chemotherapy. Lung cancer cells express high amounts of TIMP-1, which increases expression of IL-6 (a chemotherapy-resistant immune modulator). These are called a "destructive duo" in cancer prognosis.

Men with prostate cancer are likely to be carriers of the BRCA2 gene. A study of 1400 men and found that men with the BRCA2 gene fault were twice as likely to be diagnosed.

A study from the EWG calculated the impact of carcinogens in the drinking water supply in the U.S. 87% of the 105,887 lifetime cancer cases were due to disinfection byproducts and arsenic contamination.