Autophagy is the collection of cellular maintenance processes responsible for recycling damaged cell components, molecular machinery, and metabolic waste.

Aging is associated with a progressive loss of muscle mass and strength, which  results in frailty and the condition of weakness known as sarcopenia. Resistance training would improve matters.

Caloric restriction and intermittent fasting are known to prolong life- and healthspan in model organisms. In a randomized controlled trial, 4 weeks of strict alternate day fasting improved health markers in middle-aged humans.

Progressive arterial stiffness causes a state of chronically high blood pressure, which can lead to cognitive decline by damaging sensitive tissues in the brain and other organs.