The ability to climb four flights of stairs in less than one minute is a helpful indicator of good heart health. Taking more than 90 seconds should indicate a trip to the doctor to assess heart health.

A study with mice finds melatonin, as well as its two metabolites, AMK and AMFK, promote the formation of long-term memories and protects against cognitive decline.

People with metabolic syndrome have high levels of the bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis, which causes periodontal disease, insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction, and gut microbiome changes.

Researchers discover a novel form of tau protein, called microtubule binding region tau (MTBR), found in spinal cord fluid. MTBR levels correlate with progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD).