Consuming 3.5 cups of cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts promotes healthy intestinal barrier function.

Gut microbial instability caused by short-term, high-protein diets hindered the performance of elite endurance athletes, including a 23% reduction in time trial performances.

A study with rats found that yo-yo dieting or involuntary reductions in food intake (such as with food insecurity) increases the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders later in life.