A study of almost 4,000 Japanese adults finds that those who consumed the most dietary fiber — especially soluble fiber — had the lowest risk of cognitive loss over 20 years. 

Supplementing with the medicinal mushroom lion's mane for 12 weeks led to significant improvements in learning and memory tests and delayed degenerative brain aging.

A meta-analysis of 3,000 patients in 36 studies found that specific timing of exercise helps episodic memory — 3 times a week for 4 months, especially in those aged 55 to 68 years.

Researchers identify an enzyme called NEURL4 that is active in the mitochondria and similar to PARP1, an enzyme studied for its role in repairing damaged DNA and regulating gene expression.