Raising brain levels of the protein low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL receptor) could be a way to slow cognitive decline. This protein also reduces heart disease risk by lowering cholesterol.

Short protein fragments called peptides can protect neuronal cells in the retina of the eye, which may be used to treat degenerative eye diseases in the future, as they protects neurons from dying.

The regulation of folate metabolism underlies many signaling pathways related to aging. Reducing the activity of enzymes of folate metabolism in worms increased lifespan by up to 30 percent.

The pituitary gland in the brain is necessary for metabolism and hormones; chronic inflammation can affect its functioning and contribute to the onset of hormonal aging, like menopause.