Older mice have an imbalance towards inflammatory macrophages, causing increased skin cell senescence with oxidative stress, compromised antioxidant defenses, and impaired function.

People with type 2 diabetes lose functionality of the beneficial bacteria strains that help digest dietary fiber and produce butyrate, a key molecule needed for managing insulin secretion.

The compound SAK3 reversed dementia and Alzheimer's symptoms in mice; it has been declared safe by Japan's governing board, leading researchers to plan human clinical trials for next year.

In mice, low-intensity ultrasound effectively restored cognition without needing to cross the blood-brain barrier. This may provide a potential new avenue for non-invasive dementia treatment.