Gut microbes that break down the amino acid tryptophan secrete small molecules called indoles — and these indoles are a key factor in stimulating new neuron growth in the adult brain.

The Tsimane indigenous people of the Bolivian Amazon exhibit a significantly slower decrease in brain volume with age than populations in the U.S. and Europe — this study examines why. 

Improving how we age by expanding the years we live in good health, even by one year at the population level, has significant value — on the order of tens of trillions of dollars.

This research supports the use of NAD+ boosters — like NMN — to help patients retain their hearing and balance that is often lost with cancer treatment.