In a study on fruit flies, eating excess sugar shortened lifespan, even without obesity being a factor. Providing extra water prevented the shortened lifespan by preventing uric acid buildup.

In people with previous myocardial ischemia who were subjected to a mentally stressful situation had a two-fold higher likelihood of having another heart attack or dying from heart disease.

Older adults in retirement, especially women, showed greater cognitive decline if they became disengaged with their ambitions ad commitments to tasks and goals, while men were not affected.

Increasing the energy supply (ATP) in damaged spinal cord nerves promotes regeneration and regrowth of axons (nerve fibers); damaged axons in spinal cord injuries impair ATP production.