A study of older adults found that those who maintained higher physical activity as they aged had lower risk of mortality, disability onset and hospitalization. Adults tend to become more sedentary with age.

In a study on fruit flies, eating excess sugar shortened lifespan, even without obesity being a factor. Providing extra water prevented the shortened lifespan by preventing uric acid buildup.

In people with previous myocardial ischemia who were subjected to a mentally stressful situation had a two-fold higher likelihood of having another heart attack or dying from heart disease.

Older adults in retirement, especially women, showed greater cognitive decline if they became disengaged with their ambitions ad commitments to tasks and goals, while men were not affected.