A new function of vitamin K2 has been uncovered — it inhibits nerve cell damage by repairing mitochondrial dysfunction, reducing oxidative stress, and regulating apoptosis and autophagy.

Bioprinting bone with two growth factor-encoding genes helps incorporate bone cells and heal defects in the skulls of rats by encouraging stem cells to migrate and help progenitor cells convert into bone. 

Bioengineers use curcumin (found in turmeric) to speed up development of lab-grown blood vessels and tissues for replacement or regeneration in people with tissue damage.

A study with rats found that yo-yo dieting or involuntary reductions in food intake (such as with food insecurity) increases the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders later in life.